GNU Free Documentation License 45

GNU F

REE 

D

OCUMENTATION 

L

ICENSE

Version 1.1, March 2000

example,  if  the  Document  is  in  part  a  textbook  of

Copyright  (C)  2000   Free  Software  Foundation,  Inc.

mathematics,  a  Secondary  Section  may  not  explain

59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111 1307

any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter

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of  historical  connection  with  the  subject  or  with

related matters, or of legal, commercial, philosophical,

Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim

ethical or political position regarding them.

copies of this license document, but changing it is not

allowed.

The  "Invariant  Sections"  are  certain  Secondary

Sections whose titles are designated, as being those of

Invariant  Sections,  in  the  notice  that  says  that  the

0. Preamble

Document is released under this License.

The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text

The  purpose  of  this  License  is  to  make  a  manual,

that  are  listed,  as  Front Cover  Texts  or  Back Cover

textbook, or other written document "free" in the sense

Texts,  in  the  notice  that  says  that  the  Document  is

of freedom: to assure everyone the effective freedom

released under this License.

to copy and redistribute it, with or without modifying

it,  either  commercially  or  noncommercially.

A  "Transparent"  copy  of  the  Document  means  a

Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and

machine readable copy, represented in a format whose

publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not

specification is available to the general public, whose

being considered responsible for modifications made

contents  can  be  viewed  and  edited  directly  and

by others.

straightforwardly  with  generic  text  editors  or  (for

images composed of pixels) generic paint programs or

This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that

(for drawings) some widely available drawing editor,

derivative works of the document must themselves be

and that is suitable for input to text formatters or for

free  in  the  same  sense.  It  complements  the  GNU

automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable

General  Public  License,  which  is  a  copyleft  license

for  input  to  text  formatters.  A  copy  made  in  an

designed for free software.

otherwise Transparent file format whose markup has

We have designed this License in order to use it for

been  designed  to  thwart  or  discourage  subsequent

manuals for free software, because free software needs

modification  by  readers  is  not  Transparent.  A  copy

free documentation: a free program should come with

that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque".

manuals  providing  the  same  freedoms  that  the

Examples  of  suitable  formats  for  Transparent  copies

software  does.  But  this  License  is  not  limited  to

include  plain  ASCII  without  markup,  Texinfo  input

software manuals; it can be used for any textual work,

format, LaTeX input format, SGML or XML using a

regardless of subject matter or whether it is published

publicly  available  DTD,  and  standard conforming

as  a  printed  book.  We  recommend  this  License

simple  HTML  designed  for  human  modification.

principally for works whose purpose is instruction or

Opaque formats include PostScript, PDF, proprietary

reference.

formats that can be read and edited only by proprietary

word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD

1. Applicability and

and/or  processing  tools  are  not  generally  available,

and the machine generated HTML produced by some

Definitions

word processors for output purposes only.

The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title

This License applies to any manual or other work that

page itself, plus such following pages as are needed to

contains  a  notice  placed  by  the  copyright  holder

hold,  legibly,  the  material  this  License  requires  to

saying  it  can  be  distributed  under  the  terms  of  this

appear in the title page. For works in formats which do

License. The "Document", below, refers to any such

not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means the

manual  or  work.  Any  member  of  the  public  is  a

text near the most prominent appearance of the work s

licensee, and is addressed as "you".

title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text.

A  "Modified  Version"  of  the  Document  means  any

work containing the Document or a portion of it, either

2. Verbatim Copying

copied  verbatim,  or  with  modifications  and/or

translated into another language.

You  may  copy  and  distribute  the  Document  in  any

A  "Secondary  Section"  is  a  named  appendix  or  a

medium,  either  commercially  or  noncommercially,

front matter  section  of  the  Document  that  deals

provided that this License, the copyright notices, and

exclusively with the relationship of the publishers or

the  license  notice  saying  this  License  applies  to  the

authors  of  the  Document  to  the  Document s  overall

Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you

subject  (or  to  related  matters)  and  contains  nothing

add  no  other  conditions  whatsoever  to  those  of  this

that could fall directly within that overall subject. (For

License.  You  may  not  use  technical  measures  to