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16  

Network  

Network elements 

Ground segment 

TDMA  

Hub  

Antenna 

Others 

DAMA 

Hub  

Antenna 

Others 

Internet Service 

Central Network  

International gateway   

Shared Network Resources  

Node 

Joint node network elements  

Dedicated node network elements 

Access Connectivity 

DEL /E1R2 (PSTN) connectivity  

Local loop leased line  

ISDN connectivity 

DSL connectivity  

Cable connectivity  

Wireless network  

Others